swaitsandClaude Fable 5.1
790ec8c0e6
bookspec/spec holds the first edition: the model and the five laws (00-model.md) and one file per area, each B-rule a section with its status, a MUST/MAY statement, sources pinned either to a vendored source with a verbatim quotation or to an exact external paragraph, its symbolic form, its examples and its applicability. B-39, B-40, B-43 and B-45 are reserved sections (allocated, not yet stated in rules.md); B-44 is stated in rules.md and now carries its bookspec id and CONVENTION status. Eight new examples show the laws that had none, each figure worked by hand: an unbalanced entry is refused (Pacioli ch. 36, Pub. 583), a negative or zero line is refused, a fraction of a cent is refused (ISO 4217), a child account takes its parent's type, the trial balance and the accounting equation on one small book (cash 6550.25 = loan 2000 + capital 5000 + (sales 750.50 - rent 1200.25)), a reversal leaves the original standing and a second reversal is refused, a close sweeps revenue and expenses into Retained Earnings (3999) and the closed quarter takes no late entry, and cents add exactly. The refusal vocabulary gains unbalanced, negative_amount, zero_amount, too_few_lines, finer_than_minor_unit, parent_type_mismatch, already_reversed and period_closed; a refused entry may carry a non-positive amount. The checker's spec.rs fails the build on a rule without its section, a statement without MUST/SHOULD/MAY, a pin that is not verbatim in its vendored source, examples that differ from the catalogue, or more than 60 pages. Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01HS8WZziDnyxunC23MUxrLp
114 lines
3.0 KiB
TOML
114 lines
3.0 KiB
TOML
id = "statement-the-books-balance-and-the-equation-holds"
|
|
title = "Normal balances, the trial balance and the accounting equation on one small book"
|
|
rule = "An account MUST show its balance on its normal side (assets and expenses debit, liabilities, equity and revenue credit); the trial balance's debits MUST equal its credits; and assets MUST equal liabilities plus equity plus revenue less expenses."
|
|
status = "AUTHORITY"
|
|
sources = [
|
|
"Pacioli, Summa (1494), ch. 36: the total of the credits equals the total of the debits (docs/spec/sources/pacioli-1494.md)",
|
|
"FASB Concepts Statement 8, Ch. 4, E62: equity \"is the difference between the entity's assets and its liabilities\" (docs/spec/sources/fasb-asc.md)",
|
|
"OpenStax, Principles of Accounting, Vol. 1, 3.1: normal balances (CONVENTION; docs/spec/rules.md B-5)",
|
|
]
|
|
tags = ["accrual", "book", "us", "statement", "equation"]
|
|
|
|
[setup]
|
|
currency = "USD"
|
|
fiscal_year_start = "01-01"
|
|
basis = "accrual"
|
|
rounding = "half-even"
|
|
|
|
[[setup.accounts]]
|
|
code = "1000"
|
|
name = "Cash"
|
|
type = "asset"
|
|
|
|
[[setup.accounts]]
|
|
code = "2000"
|
|
name = "Loan"
|
|
type = "liability"
|
|
|
|
[[setup.accounts]]
|
|
code = "3000"
|
|
name = "Capital"
|
|
type = "equity"
|
|
|
|
[[setup.accounts]]
|
|
code = "4000"
|
|
name = "Sales"
|
|
type = "revenue"
|
|
tax_category = "gross_receipts"
|
|
|
|
[[setup.accounts]]
|
|
code = "6000"
|
|
name = "Rent"
|
|
type = "expense"
|
|
tax_category = "rent_property"
|
|
|
|
[[events]]
|
|
date = "2026-01-02"
|
|
description = "Members put in cash"
|
|
lines = [
|
|
{ account = "1000", side = "debit", amount = "5000.00" },
|
|
{ account = "3000", side = "credit", amount = "5000.00" },
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
[[events]]
|
|
date = "2026-01-03"
|
|
description = "A loan"
|
|
lines = [
|
|
{ account = "1000", side = "debit", amount = "2000.00" },
|
|
{ account = "2000", side = "credit", amount = "2000.00" },
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
[[events]]
|
|
date = "2026-01-10"
|
|
description = "A sale"
|
|
lines = [
|
|
{ account = "1000", side = "debit", amount = "750.50" },
|
|
{ account = "4000", side = "credit", amount = "750.50" },
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
[[events]]
|
|
date = "2026-01-15"
|
|
description = "Rent"
|
|
lines = [
|
|
{ account = "6000", side = "debit", amount = "1200.25" },
|
|
{ account = "1000", side = "credit", amount = "1200.25" },
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
# By hand. Cash: 5000.00 + 2000.00 + 750.50 - 1200.25 = 6550.25.
|
|
# Debit side: cash 6550.25 + rent 1200.25 = 7750.50.
|
|
# Credit side: loan 2000.00 + capital 5000.00 + sales 750.50 = 7750.50.
|
|
[[expect]]
|
|
query = "trial_balance"
|
|
as_of = "2026-12-31"
|
|
[expect.values]
|
|
"1000" = "6550.25"
|
|
"2000" = "-2000.00"
|
|
"3000" = "-5000.00"
|
|
"4000" = "-750.50"
|
|
"6000" = "1200.25"
|
|
|
|
# Each on its normal side, all positive here; the equation:
|
|
# assets 6550.25 = liabilities 2000.00 + equity 5000.00
|
|
# + (revenue 750.50 - expenses 1200.25) = 6550.25.
|
|
[[expect]]
|
|
query = "balances"
|
|
as_of = "2026-12-31"
|
|
[expect.values]
|
|
"1000" = "6550.25"
|
|
"2000" = "2000.00"
|
|
"3000" = "5000.00"
|
|
"4000" = "750.50"
|
|
"6000" = "1200.25"
|
|
|
|
# The trial balance as of an earlier day balances too: on January 9 there
|
|
# is no sale and no rent.
|
|
[[expect]]
|
|
query = "trial_balance"
|
|
as_of = "2026-01-09"
|
|
[expect.values]
|
|
"1000" = "7000.00"
|
|
"2000" = "-2000.00"
|
|
"3000" = "-5000.00"
|
|
"4000" = "0.00"
|
|
"6000" = "0.00"
|