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<!DOCTYPE HTML>
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<html lang="en" class="sidebar-visible no-js light">
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<head>
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<!-- Book generated using mdBook -->
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<title>Async</title>
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var path_to_root = "../";
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var default_theme = window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches ? "navy" : "light";
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<!-- Work around some values being stored in localStorage wrapped in quotes -->
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<script type="text/javascript">
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try {
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var theme = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-theme');
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var sidebar = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-sidebar');
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if (theme.startsWith('"') && theme.endsWith('"')) {
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localStorage.setItem('mdbook-theme', theme.slice(1, theme.length - 1));
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if (sidebar.startsWith('"') && sidebar.endsWith('"')) {
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localStorage.setItem('mdbook-sidebar', sidebar.slice(1, sidebar.length - 1));
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try { theme = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-theme'); } catch(e) { }
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if (theme === null || theme === undefined) { theme = default_theme; }
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var html = document.querySelector('html');
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html.classList.remove('no-js')
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html.classList.remove('light')
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html.classList.add(theme);
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html.classList.add('js');
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</script>
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<!-- Hide / unhide sidebar before it is displayed -->
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<script type="text/javascript">
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var html = document.querySelector('html');
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var sidebar = 'hidden';
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if (document.body.clientWidth >= 1080) {
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try { sidebar = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-sidebar'); } catch(e) { }
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sidebar = sidebar || 'visible';
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}
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html.classList.remove('sidebar-visible');
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html.classList.add("sidebar-" + sidebar);
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<nav id="sidebar" class="sidebar" aria-label="Table of contents">
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Introduction</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Getting Started</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/desktop.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Desktop</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/web.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> Web</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/ssr.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> Server-Side Rendering</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/fullstack.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.4.</strong> Fullstack</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/liveview.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.5.</strong> Liveview</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/tui.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.6.</strong> Terminal UI</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/mobile.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.</strong> Mobile</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/hot_reload.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.8.</strong> Hot Reloading</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../describing_ui/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> Describing the UI</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../describing_ui/special_attributes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Special Attributes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../describing_ui/components.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Components</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../describing_ui/component_props.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Props</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../describing_ui/component_children.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Component Children</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Interactivity</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/event_handlers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Event Listeners</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/hooks.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Hooks & Component State</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/user_input.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> User Input</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/sharing_state.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> Sharing State</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/custom_hooks.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Custom Hooks</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/dynamic_rendering.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> Dynamic Rendering</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/router.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.7.</strong> Routing</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../async/index.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> Async</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../async/use_future.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> UseFuture</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../async/use_coroutine.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> UseCoroutine</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../async/spawn.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> Spawning Futures</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../best_practices/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> Best Practices</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../best_practices/error_handling.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> Error Handling</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../best_practices/antipatterns.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> Antipatterns</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../publishing/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.</strong> Publishing</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../publishing/desktop.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.1.</strong> Desktop</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../publishing/web.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.2.</strong> Web</a></li><li class="spacer"></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../fullstack/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.</strong> Fullstack</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../fullstack/getting_started.html"><stLine truncated
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</ul>
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<div class="right-buttons">
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<a href="../print.html" title="Print this book" aria-label="Print this book">
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<i id="print-button" class="fa fa-print"></i>
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</a>
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document.getElementById('sidebar-toggle').setAttribute('aria-expanded', sidebar === 'visible');
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document.getElementById('sidebar').setAttribute('aria-hidden', sidebar !== 'visible');
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Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('#sidebar a')).forEach(function(link) {
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link.setAttribute('tabIndex', sidebar === 'visible' ? 0 : -1);
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<div id="content" class="content">
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<main>
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<h1 id="working-with-async"><a class="header" href="#working-with-async">Working with Async</a></h1>
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<p>Often, apps need to interact with file systems, network interfaces, hardware, or timers. This chapter provides an overview of using async code in Dioxus.</p>
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<h2 id="the-runtime"><a class="header" href="#the-runtime">The Runtime</a></h2>
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<p>By default, Dioxus-Desktop ships with the <code>Tokio</code> runtime and automatically sets everything up for you. This is currently not configurable, though it would be easy to write an integration for Dioxus desktop that uses a different asynchronous runtime.</p>
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<p>Dioxus is not currently thread-safe, so any async code you write does <em>not</em> need to be <code>Send/Sync</code>. That means that you can use non-thread-safe structures like <code>Cell</code>, <code>Rc</code>, and <code>RefCell</code>.</p>
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window.playground_line_numbers = true;
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@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
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<!DOCTYPE HTML>
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<html lang="en" class="sidebar-visible no-js light">
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<head>
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<!-- Book generated using mdBook -->
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<title>Spawning Futures</title>
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<!-- Custom HTML head -->
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<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
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<meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff" />
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<link rel="shortcut icon" href="../favicon.png">
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/variables.css">
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/general.css">
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<!-- Fonts -->
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="../FontAwesome/css/font-awesome.css">
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<!-- Highlight.js Stylesheets -->
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="../highlight.css">
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<!-- Custom theme stylesheets -->
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<!-- MathJax -->
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<script async type="text/javascript" src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.1/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script>
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<body>
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<script type="text/javascript">
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var path_to_root = "../";
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var default_theme = window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches ? "navy" : "light";
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</script>
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|
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<!-- Work around some values being stored in localStorage wrapped in quotes -->
|
||||
<script type="text/javascript">
|
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try {
|
||||
var theme = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-theme');
|
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var sidebar = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-sidebar');
|
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|
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if (theme.startsWith('"') && theme.endsWith('"')) {
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localStorage.setItem('mdbook-theme', theme.slice(1, theme.length - 1));
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}
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if (sidebar.startsWith('"') && sidebar.endsWith('"')) {
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localStorage.setItem('mdbook-sidebar', sidebar.slice(1, sidebar.length - 1));
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}
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} catch (e) { }
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<!-- Set the theme before any content is loaded, prevents flash -->
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<script type="text/javascript">
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var theme;
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try { theme = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-theme'); } catch(e) { }
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if (theme === null || theme === undefined) { theme = default_theme; }
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||||
var html = document.querySelector('html');
|
||||
html.classList.remove('no-js')
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html.classList.remove('light')
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html.classList.add(theme);
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html.classList.add('js');
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</script>
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<!-- Hide / unhide sidebar before it is displayed -->
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<script type="text/javascript">
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var html = document.querySelector('html');
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var sidebar = 'hidden';
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if (document.body.clientWidth >= 1080) {
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try { sidebar = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-sidebar'); } catch(e) { }
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sidebar = sidebar || 'visible';
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}
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html.classList.remove('sidebar-visible');
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html.classList.add("sidebar-" + sidebar);
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</script>
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<nav id="sidebar" class="sidebar" aria-label="Table of contents">
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<div class="sidebar-scrollbox">
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Introduction</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Getting Started</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/desktop.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Desktop</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/web.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> Web</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/ssr.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> Server-Side Rendering</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/fullstack.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.4.</strong> Fullstack</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/liveview.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.5.</strong> Liveview</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/tui.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.6.</strong> Terminal UI</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/mobile.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.</strong> Mobile</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/hot_reload.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.8.</strong> Hot Reloading</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../describing_ui/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> Describing the UI</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../describing_ui/special_attributes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Special Attributes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../describing_ui/components.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Components</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../describing_ui/component_props.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Props</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../describing_ui/component_children.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Component Children</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Interactivity</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/event_handlers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Event Listeners</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/hooks.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Hooks & Component State</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/user_input.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> User Input</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/sharing_state.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> Sharing State</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/custom_hooks.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Custom Hooks</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/dynamic_rendering.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> Dynamic Rendering</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/router.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.7.</strong> Routing</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../async/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> Async</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../async/use_future.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> UseFuture</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../async/use_coroutine.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> UseCoroutine</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../async/spawn.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> Spawning Futures</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../best_practices/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> Best Practices</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../best_practices/error_handling.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> Error Handling</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../best_practices/antipatterns.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> Antipatterns</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../publishing/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.</strong> Publishing</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../publishing/desktop.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.1.</strong> Desktop</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../publishing/web.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.2.</strong> Web</a></li><li class="spacer"></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../fullstack/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.</strong> Fullstack</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../fullstack/getting_started.html"><stLine truncated
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<h1 id="spawning-futures"><a class="header" href="#spawning-futures">Spawning Futures</a></h1>
|
||||
<p>The <code>use_future</code> and <code>use_coroutine</code> hooks are useful if you want to unconditionally spawn the future. Sometimes, though, you'll want to only spawn a future in response to an event, such as a mouse click. For example, suppose you need to send a request when the user clicks a "log in" button. For this, you can use <code>cx.spawn</code>:</p>
|
||||
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2018">
|
||||
<span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
||||
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
||||
</span> let logged_in = use_state(cx, || false);
|
||||
|
||||
let log_in = move |_| {
|
||||
cx.spawn({
|
||||
let logged_in = logged_in.to_owned();
|
||||
|
||||
async move {
|
||||
let resp = reqwest::Client::new()
|
||||
.post("http://example.com/login")
|
||||
.send()
|
||||
.await;
|
||||
|
||||
match resp {
|
||||
Ok(_data) => {
|
||||
println!("Login successful!");
|
||||
logged_in.set(true);
|
||||
}
|
||||
Err(_err) => {
|
||||
println!(
|
||||
"Login failed - you need a login server running on localhost:8080."
|
||||
)
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
});
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
cx.render(rsx! {
|
||||
button {
|
||||
onclick: log_in,
|
||||
"Login",
|
||||
}
|
||||
})
|
||||
<span class="boring">}
|
||||
</span></code></pre></pre>
|
||||
<blockquote>
|
||||
<p>Note: <code>spawn</code> will always spawn a <em>new</em> future. You most likely don't want to call it on every render.</p>
|
||||
</blockquote>
|
||||
<p>Calling <code>spawn</code> will give you a <code>JoinHandle</code> which lets you cancel or pause the future.</p>
|
||||
<h2 id="spawning-tokio-tasks"><a class="header" href="#spawning-tokio-tasks">Spawning Tokio Tasks</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>Sometimes, you might want to spawn a background task that needs multiple threads or talk to hardware that might block your app code. In these cases, we can directly spawn a Tokio task from our future. For Dioxus-Desktop, your task will be spawned onto Tokio's Multithreaded runtime:</p>
|
||||
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2018">
|
||||
<span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
||||
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
||||
</span> cx.spawn(async {
|
||||
let _ = tokio::spawn(async {}).await;
|
||||
|
||||
let _ = tokio::task::spawn_local(async {
|
||||
// some !Send work
|
||||
})
|
||||
.await;
|
||||
});
|
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<span class="boring">}
|
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</span></code></pre></pre>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Introduction</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Getting Started</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/desktop.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Desktop</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/web.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> Web</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/ssr.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> Server-Side Rendering</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/fullstack.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.4.</strong> Fullstack</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/liveview.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.5.</strong> Liveview</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/tui.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.6.</strong> Terminal UI</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/mobile.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.</strong> Mobile</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/hot_reload.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.8.</strong> Hot Reloading</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../describing_ui/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> Describing the UI</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../describing_ui/special_attributes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Special Attributes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../describing_ui/components.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Components</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../describing_ui/component_props.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Props</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../describing_ui/component_children.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Component Children</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Interactivity</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/event_handlers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Event Listeners</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/hooks.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Hooks & Component State</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/user_input.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> User Input</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/sharing_state.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> Sharing State</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/custom_hooks.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Custom Hooks</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/dynamic_rendering.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> Dynamic Rendering</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/router.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.7.</strong> Routing</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../async/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> Async</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../async/use_future.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> UseFuture</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../async/use_coroutine.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> UseCoroutine</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../async/spawn.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> Spawning Futures</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../best_practices/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> Best Practices</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../best_practices/error_handling.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> Error Handling</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../best_practices/antipatterns.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> Antipatterns</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../publishing/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.</strong> Publishing</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../publishing/desktop.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.1.</strong> Desktop</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../publishing/web.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.2.</strong> Web</a></li><li class="spacer"></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../fullstack/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.</strong> Fullstack</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../fullstack/getting_started.html"><stLine truncated
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<main>
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<h1 id="coroutines"><a class="header" href="#coroutines">Coroutines</a></h1>
|
||||
<p>Another tool in your async toolbox are coroutines. Coroutines are futures that can be manually stopped, started, paused, and resumed.</p>
|
||||
<p>Like regular futures, code in a coroutine will run until the next <code>await</code> point before yielding. This low-level control over asynchronous tasks is quite powerful, allowing for infinitely looping tasks like WebSocket polling, background timers, and other periodic actions.</p>
|
||||
<h2 id="use_coroutine"><a class="header" href="#use_coroutine"><code>use_coroutine</code></a></h2>
|
||||
<p>The <code>use_coroutine</code> hook allows you to create a coroutine. Most coroutines we write will be polling loops using async/await.</p>
|
||||
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2018">
|
||||
<span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
||||
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
||||
</span>fn app(cx: Scope) -> Element {
|
||||
let ws: &UseCoroutine<()> = use_coroutine(cx, |rx| async move {
|
||||
// Connect to some sort of service
|
||||
let mut conn = connect_to_ws_server().await;
|
||||
|
||||
// Wait for data on the service
|
||||
while let Some(msg) = conn.next().await {
|
||||
// handle messages
|
||||
}
|
||||
});
|
||||
}
|
||||
<span class="boring">}
|
||||
</span></code></pre></pre>
|
||||
<p>For many services, a simple async loop will handle the majority of use cases.</p>
|
||||
<p>However, if we want to temporarily disable the coroutine, we can "pause" it using the <code>pause</code> method, and "resume" it using the <code>resume</code> method:</p>
|
||||
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2018">
|
||||
<span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
||||
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
||||
</span>let sync: &UseCoroutine<()> = use_coroutine(cx, |rx| async move {
|
||||
// code for syncing
|
||||
});
|
||||
|
||||
if sync.is_running() {
|
||||
cx.render(rsx!{
|
||||
button {
|
||||
onclick: move |_| sync.pause(),
|
||||
"Disable syncing"
|
||||
}
|
||||
})
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
cx.render(rsx!{
|
||||
button {
|
||||
onclick: move |_| sync.resume(),
|
||||
"Enable syncing"
|
||||
}
|
||||
})
|
||||
}
|
||||
<span class="boring">}
|
||||
</span></code></pre></pre>
|
||||
<p>This pattern is where coroutines are extremely useful – instead of writing all the complicated logic for pausing our async tasks like we would with JavaScript promises, the Rust model allows us to just not poll our future.</p>
|
||||
<h2 id="yielding-values"><a class="header" href="#yielding-values">Yielding Values</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>To yield values from a coroutine, simply bring in a <code>UseState</code> handle and set the value whenever your coroutine completes its work.</p>
|
||||
<p>The future must be <code>'static</code> – so any values captured by the task cannot carry any references to <code>cx</code>, such as a <code>UseState</code>.</p>
|
||||
<p>You can use <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/borrow/trait.ToOwned.html#tymethod.to_owned">to_owned</a> to create a clone of the hook handle which can be moved into the async closure.</p>
|
||||
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2018">
|
||||
<span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
||||
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
||||
</span>let sync_status = use_state(cx, || Status::Launching);
|
||||
let sync_task = use_coroutine(cx, |rx: UnboundedReceiver<SyncAction>| {
|
||||
let sync_status = sync_status.to_owned();
|
||||
async move {
|
||||
loop {
|
||||
delay_ms(1000).await;
|
||||
sync_status.set(Status::Working);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
})
|
||||
<span class="boring">}
|
||||
</span></code></pre></pre>
|
||||
<p>To make this a bit less verbose, Dioxus exports the <code>to_owned!</code> macro which will create a binding as shown above, which can be quite helpful when dealing with many values.</p>
|
||||
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2018">
|
||||
<span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
||||
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
||||
</span>let sync_status = use_state(cx, || Status::Launching);
|
||||
let load_status = use_state(cx, || Status::Launching);
|
||||
let sync_task = use_coroutine(cx, |rx: UnboundedReceiver<SyncAction>| {
|
||||
to_owned![sync_status, load_status];
|
||||
async move {
|
||||
// ...
|
||||
}
|
||||
})
|
||||
<span class="boring">}
|
||||
</span></code></pre></pre>
|
||||
<h2 id="sending-values"><a class="header" href="#sending-values">Sending Values</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>You might've noticed the <code>use_coroutine</code> closure takes an argument called <code>rx</code>. What is that? Well, a common pattern in complex apps is to handle a bunch of async code at once. With libraries like Redux Toolkit, managing multiple promises at once can be challenging and a common source of bugs.</p>
|
||||
<p>With Coroutines, we can centralize our async logic. The <code>rx</code> parameter is an Channel that allows code external to the coroutine to send data <em>into</em> the coroutine. Instead of looping on an external service, we can loop on the channel itself, processing messages from within our app without needing to spawn a new future. To send data into the coroutine, we would call "send" on the handle.</p>
|
||||
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2018">
|
||||
<span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
||||
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
||||
</span>use futures_util::stream::StreamExt;
|
||||
|
||||
enum ProfileUpdate {
|
||||
SetUsername(String),
|
||||
SetAge(i32)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
let profile = use_coroutine(cx, |mut rx: UnboundedReciver<ProfileUpdate>| async move {
|
||||
let mut server = connect_to_server().await;
|
||||
|
||||
while let Ok(msg) = rx.next().await {
|
||||
match msg {
|
||||
ProfileUpdate::SetUsername(name) => server.update_username(name).await,
|
||||
ProfileUpdate::SetAge(age) => server.update_age(age).await,
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
});
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
cx.render(rsx!{
|
||||
button {
|
||||
onclick: move |_| profile.send(ProfileUpdate::SetUsername("Bob".to_string())),
|
||||
"Update username"
|
||||
}
|
||||
})
|
||||
<span class="boring">}
|
||||
</span></code></pre></pre>
|
||||
<blockquote>
|
||||
<p>Note: In order to use/run the <code>rx.next().await</code> statement you will need to extend the [<code>Stream</code>] trait (used by [<code>UnboundedReceiver</code>]) by adding 'futures_util' as a dependency to your project and adding the <code>use futures_util::stream::StreamExt;</code>.</p>
|
||||
</blockquote>
|
||||
<p>For sufficiently complex apps, we could build a bunch of different useful "services" that loop on channels to update the app.</p>
|
||||
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2018">
|
||||
<span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
||||
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
||||
</span>let profile = use_coroutine(cx, profile_service);
|
||||
let editor = use_coroutine(cx, editor_service);
|
||||
let sync = use_coroutine(cx, sync_service);
|
||||
|
||||
async fn profile_service(rx: UnboundedReceiver<ProfileCommand>) {
|
||||
// do stuff
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
async fn sync_service(rx: UnboundedReceiver<SyncCommand>) {
|
||||
// do stuff
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
async fn editor_service(rx: UnboundedReceiver<EditorCommand>) {
|
||||
// do stuff
|
||||
}
|
||||
<span class="boring">}
|
||||
</span></code></pre></pre>
|
||||
<p>We can combine coroutines with <a href="https://docs.rs/fermi/latest/fermi/index.html">Fermi</a> to emulate Redux Toolkit's Thunk system with much less headache. This lets us store all of our app's state <em>within</em> a task and then simply update the "view" values stored in Atoms. It cannot be understated how powerful this technique is: we get all the perks of native Rust tasks with the optimizations and ergonomics of global state. This means your <em>actual</em> state does not need to be tied up in a system like Fermi or Redux – the only Atoms that need to exist are those that are used to drive the display/UI.</p>
|
||||
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2018">
|
||||
<span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
||||
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
||||
</span>static USERNAME: Atom<String> = |_| "default".to_string();
|
||||
|
||||
fn app(cx: Scope) -> Element {
|
||||
let atoms = use_atom_root(cx);
|
||||
|
||||
use_coroutine(cx, |rx| sync_service(rx, atoms.clone()));
|
||||
|
||||
cx.render(rsx!{
|
||||
Banner {}
|
||||
})
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn Banner(cx: Scope) -> Element {
|
||||
let username = use_read(cx, USERNAME);
|
||||
|
||||
cx.render(rsx!{
|
||||
h1 { "Welcome back, {username}" }
|
||||
})
|
||||
}
|
||||
<span class="boring">}
|
||||
</span></code></pre></pre>
|
||||
<p>Now, in our sync service, we can structure our state however we want. We only need to update the view values when ready.</p>
|
||||
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2018">
|
||||
<span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
||||
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
||||
</span>use futures_util::stream::StreamExt;
|
||||
|
||||
enum SyncAction {
|
||||
SetUsername(String),
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
async fn sync_service(mut rx: UnboundedReceiver<SyncAction>, atoms: AtomRoot) {
|
||||
let username = atoms.write(USERNAME);
|
||||
let errors = atoms.write(ERRORS);
|
||||
|
||||
while let Ok(msg) = rx.next().await {
|
||||
match msg {
|
||||
SyncAction::SetUsername(name) => {
|
||||
if set_name_on_server(&name).await.is_ok() {
|
||||
username.set(name);
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
errors.make_mut().push("SetUsernameFailed");
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
<span class="boring">}
|
||||
</span></code></pre></pre>
|
||||
<h2 id="automatic-injection-into-the-context-api"><a class="header" href="#automatic-injection-into-the-context-api">Automatic injection into the Context API</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>Coroutine handles are automatically injected through the context API. You can use the <code>use_coroutine_handle</code> hook with the message type as a generic to fetch a handle.</p>
|
||||
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2018">
|
||||
<span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
||||
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
||||
</span>fn Child(cx: Scope) -> Element {
|
||||
let sync_task = use_coroutine_handle::<SyncAction>(cx);
|
||||
|
||||
sync_task.send(SyncAction::SetUsername);
|
||||
}
|
||||
<span class="boring">}
|
||||
</span></code></pre></pre>
|
||||
|
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Introduction</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Getting Started</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/desktop.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> Desktop</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/web.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> Web</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/ssr.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> Server-Side Rendering</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/fullstack.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.4.</strong> Fullstack</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/liveview.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.5.</strong> Liveview</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/tui.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.6.</strong> Terminal UI</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/mobile.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.</strong> Mobile</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../getting_started/hot_reload.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.8.</strong> Hot Reloading</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../describing_ui/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> Describing the UI</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../describing_ui/special_attributes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Special Attributes</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../describing_ui/components.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Components</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../describing_ui/component_props.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Props</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../describing_ui/component_children.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Component Children</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Interactivity</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/event_handlers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Event Listeners</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/hooks.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Hooks & Component State</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/user_input.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> User Input</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/sharing_state.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> Sharing State</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/custom_hooks.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Custom Hooks</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/dynamic_rendering.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> Dynamic Rendering</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../interactivity/router.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.7.</strong> Routing</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../async/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> Async</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../async/use_future.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> UseFuture</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../async/use_coroutine.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> UseCoroutine</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../async/spawn.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> Spawning Futures</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../best_practices/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> Best Practices</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../best_practices/error_handling.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> Error Handling</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../best_practices/antipatterns.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> Antipatterns</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../publishing/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.</strong> Publishing</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../publishing/desktop.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.1.</strong> Desktop</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../publishing/web.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.2.</strong> Web</a></li><li class="spacer"></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../fullstack/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.</strong> Fullstack</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../fullstack/getting_started.html"><stLine truncated
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<h1 id="usefuture"><a class="header" href="#usefuture">UseFuture</a></h1>
|
||||
<p><a href="https://docs.rs/dioxus-hooks/latest/dioxus_hooks/fn.use_future.html"><code>use_future</code></a> lets you run an async closure, and provides you with its result.</p>
|
||||
<p>For example, we can make an API request (using <a href="https://docs.rs/reqwest/latest/reqwest/index.html">reqwest</a>) inside <code>use_future</code>:</p>
|
||||
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2018">
|
||||
<span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
||||
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
||||
</span>let future = use_future(cx, (), |_| async move {
|
||||
reqwest::get("https://dog.ceo/api/breeds/image/random")
|
||||
.await
|
||||
.unwrap()
|
||||
.json::<ApiResponse>()
|
||||
.await
|
||||
});
|
||||
<span class="boring">}
|
||||
</span></code></pre></pre>
|
||||
<p>The code inside <code>use_future</code> will be submitted to the Dioxus scheduler once the component has rendered.</p>
|
||||
<p>We can use <code>.value()</code> to get the result of the future. On the first run, since there's no data ready when the component loads, its value will be <code>None</code>. However, once the future is finished, the component will be re-rendered and the value will now be <code>Some(...)</code>, containing the return value of the closure.</p>
|
||||
<p>We can then render that result:</p>
|
||||
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2018">
|
||||
<span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
||||
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
||||
</span>cx.render(match future.value() {
|
||||
Some(Ok(response)) => rsx! {
|
||||
button {
|
||||
onclick: move |_| future.restart(),
|
||||
"Click to fetch another doggo"
|
||||
}
|
||||
div {
|
||||
img {
|
||||
max_width: "500px",
|
||||
max_height: "500px",
|
||||
src: "{response.image_url}",
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
Some(Err(_)) => rsx! { div { "Loading dogs failed" } },
|
||||
None => rsx! { div { "Loading dogs..." } },
|
||||
})
|
||||
<span class="boring">}
|
||||
</span></code></pre></pre>
|
||||
<h2 id="restarting-the-future"><a class="header" href="#restarting-the-future">Restarting the Future</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>The <code>UseFuture</code> handle provides a <code>restart</code> method. It can be used to execute the future again, producing a new value.</p>
|
||||
<h2 id="dependencies"><a class="header" href="#dependencies">Dependencies</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>Often, you will need to run the future again every time some value (e.g. a prop) changes. Rather than calling <code>restart</code> manually, you can provide a tuple of "dependencies" to the hook. It will automatically re-run the future when any of those dependencies change. Example:</p>
|
||||
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2018">
|
||||
<span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
||||
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
||||
</span>let future = use_future(cx, (breed,), |(breed,)| async move {
|
||||
reqwest::get(format!("https://dog.ceo/api/breed/{breed}/images/random"))
|
||||
.await
|
||||
.unwrap()
|
||||
.json::<ApiResponse>()
|
||||
.await
|
||||
});
|
||||
<span class="boring">}
|
||||
</span></code></pre></pre>
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