feat(hsm): first version of hsm library functional

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swaits committed 2025-02-04 17:22:18 -07:00
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-- Require external modules and libraries
require "lib.util.debug"
require "lib.util.list"
require "lib.util.parse_transition"
require "lib.util.validators"
lume = require "lib.lume"
-- Global constants
ROOT_NAME = "HSM"
TIMER_NAME = "_HSM_TIMER_"
TERMINAL_STATE = "ExitHSM"
-- Build the path from a given state up to the root.
-- @param state (table) The starting state node.
-- @return (table) Array of nodes from the starting state up to the root.
path_to_root = (state) ->
path = {}
while state
table.insert(path, state)
state = state.parent
path
-- Recursively construct a state node.
--
-- Each node is augmented with a reference to its parent, transitions, timers,
-- and, if it is the root, a reference to the full state_map.
--
-- @param name (string) The name of the state.
-- @param def (table) The state definition table.
-- @param parent (table or nil) The parent state node.
-- @param state_map (table) Global mapping of state names to nodes.
-- @return (table) The constructed state node.
build_node = (name, def, parent, state_map) ->
-- Validate state name (except for the ROOT)
unless name == ROOT_NAME or is_valid_symbol name
error "Invalid state name: #{name}"
-- Initialize node with default properties.
node =
name: name
parent: parent
transitions: {}
timers: {}
default: def.default or nil
-- Ensure state is defined only once.
if state_map[name]
error "State #{name} defined more than once"
state_map[name] = node
-- Process transitions defined as array entries.
for index, transition_str in ipairs def
transition = parse_transition(transition_str) -- parse_transition does validation
if transition.type == "on"
node.transitions[transition.event] = transition.target
else
-- For "every" or "after" transitions, generate a unique timer event name.
event_name = "#{TIMER_NAME}#{name}__#{#node.timers + 1}"
once = transition.type == "after"
duration = transition.duration
node.transitions[event_name] = transition.target
table.insert(node.timers, {once: once, duration: duration, event: event_name})
-- Process nested states (ignore keys that are not strings or are "default").
for key, value in pairs def
if type(key) == "string" and key != "default"
build_node(key, value, node, state_map)
-- If this is the root node, attach the full state_map.
unless parent
node.state_map = state_map
node
-- Build the hierarchical state machine (HSM) graph.
--
-- This function takes a machine definition and recursively constructs the HSM
-- by creating nodes and then converting transition targets (state names) into
-- actual node references.
--
-- @param def (table) The machine definition.
-- @return (table) The root state node of the HSM.
build_hsm = (def) ->
-- Prepopulate state_map with a terminal state.
root = build_node(ROOT_NAME, def, nil, {
[TERMINAL_STATE]: { name: TERMINAL_STATE, transitions: {}, timers: {} }
})
-- Grab a reference to the state map
states = root.state_map
-- Convert default and normal transitions from state names to node references.
for name, state in pairs states
-- update default transitions
if state.default
state.default = states[state.default]
-- update normal transitions
if state.transitions
for event, target in pairs state.transitions
unless states[target]
error "State #{target} referenced, but never defined"
state.transitions[event] = states[target] -- change string to node reference here
root
-- Plan a transition from a source state to a destination state.
--
-- This function follows any default transitions from the destination state,
-- then computes the exit and entry paths by finding the least common ancestor
-- (LCA) of the source and final destination.
--
-- @param src (table) The current state node.
-- @param dst (table) The target state node.
-- @return (table) A table with `exit` (states to exit) and `entry` (states to enter).
plan_transition = lume.memoize (src, dst) ->
-- Follow default transitions to get the final destination.
seen = {}
final_dst = dst
while final_dst.default
if seen[final_dst]
error "Cycle detected in default transitions (in state #{final_dst.name})!"
seen[final_dst] = true
final_dst = final_dst.default
-- Build paths from both source and destination to the root.
src_path = path_to_root(src)
dst_path = path_to_root(final_dst)
-- Remove the common tail to determine the least common ancestor.
while #src_path > 0 and #dst_path > 0 and src_path[#src_path] == dst_path[#dst_path]
table.remove(src_path, #src_path)
table.remove(dst_path, #dst_path)
plan =
exit: src_path
entry: reverse(dst_path)
-- If transitioning to the terminal state, no entry actions are needed.
if final_dst.name == TERMINAL_STATE
plan.entry = {}
plan
-- Create an HSM runtime class from a machine definition.
--
-- The returned class provides methods for state transitions, updating timers,
-- handling events, and invoking state entry/update/exit actions.
--
-- @param machine_def (table) The machine definition.
-- @return (class) The HSM runtime class.
export create_hsm = (machine_def) ->
root = build_hsm(machine_def)
class HSMRuntime
-- Constructor: initializes the runtime state and binds state action methods.
new: =>
@root = root
@cur_state = nil
@timers = {} -- Map: state node -> list of timer objects
@event_queue = {}
@is_handling = false
@in_transition = false
@MAX_EVENTS_PER_UPDATE = 10
-- Bind action methods (entry, update, exit) for each state.
default_msg = (action) -> print "*** WARNING *** Using default #{action} HSM action function. Override to suppress this message."
for name, state in pairs @root.state_map
state.entry = @["on#{name}Entry"] or (=> default_msg "on#{name}Entry")
state.update = @["on#{name}Update"] or ((dt) -> default_msg "on#{name}Update")
state.exit = @["on#{name}Exit"] or (=> default_msg "on#{name}Exit")
-- Transition into the initial state and return self.
@transition(@root)
@
-- Initialize timers for a given state.
--
-- @param state (table) The state node whose timers should be created.
init_timers: (state) =>
if state.timers
@timers[state] = lume.map state.timers, (t) ->
{
once: t.once
duration: t.duration
event: t.event -- TODO: change this from event to target state
elapsed: 0
}
-- Destroy timers associated with a state.
--
-- @param state (table) The state node whose timers should be removed.
destroy_timers: (state) =>
@timers[state] = nil
-- Update timers across all active states.
--
-- Called during each update cycle; increments timer elapsed times,
-- checks for timer firing (including overshoot), and triggers events.
--
-- @param dt (number) The delta time since the last update.
-- @return (boolean) false if there is no current state, otherwise true.
update_timers: (dt) =>
return false unless @cur_state
max_timer = nil
-- Iterate over timers for each state.
for state, timers in pairs @timers
for timer in *timers
continue unless timer.duration
timer.elapsed += dt
timer.overshoot = timer.elapsed - timer.duration
if timer.overshoot > 0 and (not max_timer or timer.overshoot > max_timer.overshoot)
max_timer = timer
-- If a timer fired, trigger its event.
if max_timer
if max_timer.once
max_timer.duration = nil
max_timer.elapsed = nil
else
max_timer.elapsed = max_timer.elapsed % max_timer.duration
@trigger(max_timer.event)
true
-- Transition from the current state to a destination state.
--
-- This method computes the exit/entry plan, calls exit actions (and destroys timers)
-- for states being exited, then calls entry actions (and initializes timers) for states
-- being entered.
--
-- @param dst (table) The target state node.
-- @return (boolean) true if no actual state change occurred.
transition: (dst) =>
@in_transition = true
starting_state = @cur_state
plan = plan_transition(@cur_state, dst)
-- Exit states: destroy timers and invoke exit actions.
for state in *plan.exit
@destroy_timers(state)
@cur_state = state
if state.exit then state.exit(self)
if state == @root
@cur_state = nil -- HSM terminated
@in_transition = false
return
-- Enter new states: initialize timers and invoke entry actions.
for state in *plan.entry
@init_timers(state)
if state.entry then state.entry(self)
@cur_state = state
@in_transition = false
-- process events that we might've accumulated during transition
@drain_events()
starting_state == @cur_state
-- Update the HSM.
--
-- Processes timers and then calls update actions from the current state upward.
--
-- @param dt (number) Delta time.
-- @return (boolean) true if there is a current state; false otherwise.
update: (dt) =>
-- exit if the HSM is terminated
return false unless @cur_state
-- update our timers
@update_timers(dt)
-- Propagate update actions from current state up through ancestors.
s = @cur_state
while s
if s.update then s.update(self, dt)
s = s.parent
-- Process any events in our queue, some of which might've just happened
@drain_events()
true
-- Process an event.
--
-- Processes an event by checking to see if the current state or any of its
-- parents handles it. If none, the event is just discarded. Once an event
-- is handled by any state, it's discarded.
--
-- @param event (string) Event.
process_event: (event) =>
-- search from current state to root looking for one to handle this
s = @cur_state
while s
if s.transitions[event]
-- found a state that handles event, transition
@transition(s.transitions[event])
return
s = s.parent
-- Drain events in the @event_queue.
--
-- Processes events in the queue up to @MAX_EVENTS_PER_UPDATE.
drain_events: () =>
num = math.min(@MAX_EVENTS_PER_UPDATE, #@event_queue)
count = 0
while count < num and #@event_queue > 0
@process_event(table.remove(@event_queue, 1))
-- Handle an event by checking the current state and its ancestors.
--
-- If a transition for the event is found, the HSM will transition accordingly.
--
-- @param event (string) The event to trigger.
-- @return (boolean) false if there is no current state; true otherwise.
trigger: (event) =>
return false unless @cur_state
if @is_handling or @in_transition
-- if we're processing an event now, just queue it up
table.insert(@event_queue, event)
else
-- if we're not processing anything, do it immediately
@is_handling = true
@process_event(event)
@is_handling = false
true
HSMRuntime
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--
-- lume
--
-- Copyright (c) 2020 rxi
--
-- Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
-- this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
-- the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
-- use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
-- of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
-- so, subject to the following conditions:
--
-- The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
-- copies or substantial portions of the Software.
--
-- THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-- IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-- FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-- AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-- LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
-- OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
-- SOFTWARE.
--
local lume = { _version = "2.3.0" }
local pairs, ipairs = pairs, ipairs
local type, assert, unpack = type, assert, unpack or table.unpack
local tostring, tonumber = tostring, tonumber
local math_floor = math.floor
local math_ceil = math.ceil
local math_atan2 = math.atan2 or math.atan
local math_sqrt = math.sqrt
local math_abs = math.abs
local noop = function()
end
local identity = function(x)
return x
end
local patternescape = function(str)
return str:gsub("[%(%)%.%%%+%-%*%?%[%]%^%$]", "%%%1")
end
local absindex = function(len, i)
return i < 0 and (len + i + 1) or i
end
local iscallable = function(x)
if type(x) == "function" then return true end
local mt = getmetatable(x)
return mt and mt.__call ~= nil
end
local getiter = function(x)
if lume.isarray(x) then
return ipairs
elseif type(x) == "table" then
return pairs
end
error("expected table", 3)
end
local iteratee = function(x)
if x == nil then return identity end
if iscallable(x) then return x end
if type(x) == "table" then
return function(z)
for k, v in pairs(x) do
if z[k] ~= v then return false end
end
return true
end
end
return function(z) return z[x] end
end
function lume.clamp(x, min, max)
return x < min and min or (x > max and max or x)
end
function lume.round(x, increment)
if increment then return lume.round(x / increment) * increment end
return x >= 0 and math_floor(x + .5) or math_ceil(x - .5)
end
function lume.sign(x)
return x < 0 and -1 or 1
end
function lume.lerp(a, b, amount)
return a + (b - a) * lume.clamp(amount, 0, 1)
end
function lume.smooth(a, b, amount)
local t = lume.clamp(amount, 0, 1)
local m = t * t * (3 - 2 * t)
return a + (b - a) * m
end
function lume.pingpong(x)
return 1 - math_abs(1 - x % 2)
end
function lume.distance(x1, y1, x2, y2, squared)
local dx = x1 - x2
local dy = y1 - y2
local s = dx * dx + dy * dy
return squared and s or math_sqrt(s)
end
function lume.angle(x1, y1, x2, y2)
return math_atan2(y2 - y1, x2 - x1)
end
function lume.vector(angle, magnitude)
return math.cos(angle) * magnitude, math.sin(angle) * magnitude
end
function lume.random(a, b)
if not a then a, b = 0, 1 end
if not b then b = 0 end
return a + math.random() * (b - a)
end
function lume.randomchoice(t)
return t[math.random(#t)]
end
function lume.weightedchoice(t)
local sum = 0
for _, v in pairs(t) do
assert(v >= 0, "weight value less than zero")
sum = sum + v
end
assert(sum ~= 0, "all weights are zero")
local rnd = lume.random(sum)
for k, v in pairs(t) do
if rnd < v then return k end
rnd = rnd - v
end
end
function lume.isarray(x)
return type(x) == "table" and x[1] ~= nil
end
function lume.push(t, ...)
local n = select("#", ...)
for i = 1, n do
t[#t + 1] = select(i, ...)
end
return ...
end
function lume.remove(t, x)
local iter = getiter(t)
for i, v in iter(t) do
if v == x then
if lume.isarray(t) then
table.remove(t, i)
break
else
t[i] = nil
break
end
end
end
return x
end
function lume.clear(t)
local iter = getiter(t)
for k in iter(t) do
t[k] = nil
end
return t
end
function lume.extend(t, ...)
for i = 1, select("#", ...) do
local x = select(i, ...)
if x then
for k, v in pairs(x) do
t[k] = v
end
end
end
return t
end
function lume.shuffle(t)
local rtn = {}
for i = 1, #t do
local r = math.random(i)
if r ~= i then
rtn[i] = rtn[r]
end
rtn[r] = t[i]
end
return rtn
end
function lume.sort(t, comp)
local rtn = lume.clone(t)
if comp then
if type(comp) == "string" then
table.sort(rtn, function(a, b) return a[comp] < b[comp] end)
else
table.sort(rtn, comp)
end
else
table.sort(rtn)
end
return rtn
end
function lume.array(...)
local t = {}
for x in ... do t[#t + 1] = x end
return t
end
function lume.each(t, fn, ...)
local iter = getiter(t)
if type(fn) == "string" then
for _, v in iter(t) do v[fn](v, ...) end
else
for _, v in iter(t) do fn(v, ...) end
end
return t
end
function lume.map(t, fn)
fn = iteratee(fn)
local iter = getiter(t)
local rtn = {}
for k, v in iter(t) do rtn[k] = fn(v) end
return rtn
end
function lume.all(t, fn)
fn = iteratee(fn)
local iter = getiter(t)
for _, v in iter(t) do
if not fn(v) then return false end
end
return true
end
function lume.any(t, fn)
fn = iteratee(fn)
local iter = getiter(t)
for _, v in iter(t) do
if fn(v) then return true end
end
return false
end
function lume.reduce(t, fn, first)
local started = first ~= nil
local acc = first
local iter = getiter(t)
for _, v in iter(t) do
if started then
acc = fn(acc, v)
else
acc = v
started = true
end
end
assert(started, "reduce of an empty table with no first value")
return acc
end
function lume.unique(t)
local rtn = {}
for k in pairs(lume.invert(t)) do
rtn[#rtn + 1] = k
end
return rtn
end
function lume.filter(t, fn, retainkeys)
fn = iteratee(fn)
local iter = getiter(t)
local rtn = {}
if retainkeys then
for k, v in iter(t) do
if fn(v) then rtn[k] = v end
end
else
for _, v in iter(t) do
if fn(v) then rtn[#rtn + 1] = v end
end
end
return rtn
end
function lume.reject(t, fn, retainkeys)
fn = iteratee(fn)
local iter = getiter(t)
local rtn = {}
if retainkeys then
for k, v in iter(t) do
if not fn(v) then rtn[k] = v end
end
else
for _, v in iter(t) do
if not fn(v) then rtn[#rtn + 1] = v end
end
end
return rtn
end
function lume.merge(...)
local rtn = {}
for i = 1, select("#", ...) do
local t = select(i, ...)
local iter = getiter(t)
for k, v in iter(t) do
rtn[k] = v
end
end
return rtn
end
function lume.concat(...)
local rtn = {}
for i = 1, select("#", ...) do
local t = select(i, ...)
if t ~= nil then
local iter = getiter(t)
for _, v in iter(t) do
rtn[#rtn + 1] = v
end
end
end
return rtn
end
function lume.find(t, value)
local iter = getiter(t)
for k, v in iter(t) do
if v == value then return k end
end
return nil
end
function lume.match(t, fn)
fn = iteratee(fn)
local iter = getiter(t)
for k, v in iter(t) do
if fn(v) then return v, k end
end
return nil
end
function lume.count(t, fn)
local count = 0
local iter = getiter(t)
if fn then
fn = iteratee(fn)
for _, v in iter(t) do
if fn(v) then count = count + 1 end
end
else
if lume.isarray(t) then
return #t
end
for _ in iter(t) do count = count + 1 end
end
return count
end
function lume.slice(t, i, j)
i = i and absindex(#t, i) or 1
j = j and absindex(#t, j) or #t
local rtn = {}
for x = i < 1 and 1 or i, j > #t and #t or j do
rtn[#rtn + 1] = t[x]
end
return rtn
end
function lume.first(t, n)
if not n then return t[1] end
return lume.slice(t, 1, n)
end
function lume.last(t, n)
if not n then return t[#t] end
return lume.slice(t, -n, -1)
end
function lume.invert(t)
local rtn = {}
for k, v in pairs(t) do rtn[v] = k end
return rtn
end
function lume.pick(t, ...)
local rtn = {}
for i = 1, select("#", ...) do
local k = select(i, ...)
rtn[k] = t[k]
end
return rtn
end
function lume.keys(t)
local rtn = {}
local iter = getiter(t)
for k in iter(t) do rtn[#rtn + 1] = k end
return rtn
end
function lume.clone(t)
local rtn = {}
for k, v in pairs(t) do rtn[k] = v end
return rtn
end
function lume.fn(fn, ...)
assert(iscallable(fn), "expected a function as the first argument")
local args = { ... }
return function(...)
local a = lume.concat(args, { ... })
return fn(unpack(a))
end
end
function lume.once(fn, ...)
local f = lume.fn(fn, ...)
local done = false
return function(...)
if done then return end
done = true
return f(...)
end
end
local memoize_fnkey = {}
local memoize_nil = {}
function lume.memoize(fn)
local cache = {}
return function(...)
local c = cache
for i = 1, select("#", ...) do
local a = select(i, ...) or memoize_nil
c[a] = c[a] or {}
c = c[a]
end
c[memoize_fnkey] = c[memoize_fnkey] or {fn(...)}
return unpack(c[memoize_fnkey])
end
end
function lume.combine(...)
local n = select('#', ...)
if n == 0 then return noop end
if n == 1 then
local fn = select(1, ...)
if not fn then return noop end
assert(iscallable(fn), "expected a function or nil")
return fn
end
local funcs = {}
for i = 1, n do
local fn = select(i, ...)
if fn ~= nil then
assert(iscallable(fn), "expected a function or nil")
funcs[#funcs + 1] = fn
end
end
return function(...)
for _, f in ipairs(funcs) do f(...) end
end
end
function lume.call(fn, ...)
if fn then
return fn(...)
end
end
function lume.time(fn, ...)
local start = os.clock()
local rtn = {fn(...)}
return (os.clock() - start), unpack(rtn)
end
local lambda_cache = {}
function lume.lambda(str)
if not lambda_cache[str] then
local args, body = str:match([[^([%w,_ ]-)%->(.-)$]])
assert(args and body, "bad string lambda")
local s = "return function(" .. args .. ")\nreturn " .. body .. "\nend"
lambda_cache[str] = lume.dostring(s)
end
return lambda_cache[str]
end
local serialize
local serialize_map = {
[ "boolean" ] = tostring,
[ "nil" ] = tostring,
[ "string" ] = function(v) return string.format("%q", v) end,
[ "number" ] = function(v)
if v ~= v then return "0/0" -- nan
elseif v == 1 / 0 then return "1/0" -- inf
elseif v == -1 / 0 then return "-1/0" end -- -inf
return tostring(v)
end,
[ "table" ] = function(t, stk)
stk = stk or {}
if stk[t] then error("circular reference") end
local rtn = {}
stk[t] = true
for k, v in pairs(t) do
rtn[#rtn + 1] = "[" .. serialize(k, stk) .. "]=" .. serialize(v, stk)
end
stk[t] = nil
return "{" .. table.concat(rtn, ",") .. "}"
end
}
setmetatable(serialize_map, {
__index = function(_, k) error("unsupported serialize type: " .. k) end
})
serialize = function(x, stk)
return serialize_map[type(x)](x, stk)
end
function lume.serialize(x)
return serialize(x)
end
function lume.deserialize(str)
return lume.dostring("return " .. str)
end
function lume.split(str, sep)
if not sep then
return lume.array(str:gmatch("([%S]+)"))
else
assert(sep ~= "", "empty separator")
local psep = patternescape(sep)
return lume.array((str..sep):gmatch("(.-)("..psep..")"))
end
end
function lume.trim(str, chars)
if not chars then return str:match("^[%s]*(.-)[%s]*$") end
chars = patternescape(chars)
return str:match("^[" .. chars .. "]*(.-)[" .. chars .. "]*$")
end
function lume.wordwrap(str, limit)
limit = limit or 72
local check
if type(limit) == "number" then
check = function(s) return #s >= limit end
else
check = limit
end
local rtn = {}
local line = ""
for word, spaces in str:gmatch("(%S+)(%s*)") do
local s = line .. word
if check(s) then
table.insert(rtn, line .. "\n")
line = word
else
line = s
end
for c in spaces:gmatch(".") do
if c == "\n" then
table.insert(rtn, line .. "\n")
line = ""
else
line = line .. c
end
end
end
table.insert(rtn, line)
return table.concat(rtn)
end
function lume.format(str, vars)
if not vars then return str end
local f = function(x)
return tostring(vars[x] or vars[tonumber(x)] or "{" .. x .. "}")
end
return (str:gsub("{(.-)}", f))
end
function lume.trace(...)
local info = debug.getinfo(2, "Sl")
local t = { info.short_src .. ":" .. info.currentline .. ":" }
for i = 1, select("#", ...) do
local x = select(i, ...)
if type(x) == "number" then
x = string.format("%g", lume.round(x, .01))
end
t[#t + 1] = tostring(x)
end
print(table.concat(t, " "))
end
function lume.dostring(str)
return assert((loadstring or load)(str))()
end
function lume.uuid()
local fn = function(x)
local r = math.random(16) - 1
r = (x == "x") and (r + 1) or (r % 4) + 9
return ("0123456789abcdef"):sub(r, r)
end
return (("xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx"):gsub("[xy]", fn))
end
function lume.hotswap(modname)
local oldglobal = lume.clone(_G)
local updated = {}
local function update(old, new)
if updated[old] then return end
updated[old] = true
local oldmt, newmt = getmetatable(old), getmetatable(new)
if oldmt and newmt then update(oldmt, newmt) end
for k, v in pairs(new) do
if type(v) == "table" then update(old[k], v) else old[k] = v end
end
end
local err = nil
local function onerror(e)
for k in pairs(_G) do _G[k] = oldglobal[k] end
err = lume.trim(e)
end
local ok, oldmod = pcall(require, modname)
oldmod = ok and oldmod or nil
xpcall(function()
package.loaded[modname] = nil
local newmod = require(modname)
if type(oldmod) == "table" then update(oldmod, newmod) end
for k, v in pairs(oldglobal) do
if v ~= _G[k] and type(v) == "table" then
update(v, _G[k])
_G[k] = v
end
end
end, onerror)
package.loaded[modname] = oldmod
if err then return nil, err end
return oldmod
end
local ripairs_iter = function(t, i)
i = i - 1
local v = t[i]
if v ~= nil then
return i, v
end
end
function lume.ripairs(t)
return ripairs_iter, t, (#t + 1)
end
function lume.color(str, mul)
mul = mul or 1
local r, g, b, a
r, g, b = str:match("#(%x%x)(%x%x)(%x%x)")
if r then
r = tonumber(r, 16) / 0xff
g = tonumber(g, 16) / 0xff
b = tonumber(b, 16) / 0xff
a = 1
elseif str:match("rgba?%s*%([%d%s%.,]+%)") then
local f = str:gmatch("[%d.]+")
r = (f() or 0) / 0xff
g = (f() or 0) / 0xff
b = (f() or 0) / 0xff
a = f() or 1
else
error(("bad color string '%s'"):format(str))
end
return r * mul, g * mul, b * mul, a * mul
end
local chain_mt = {}
chain_mt.__index = lume.map(lume.filter(lume, iscallable, true),
function(fn)
return function(self, ...)
self._value = fn(self._value, ...)
return self
end
end)
chain_mt.__index.result = function(x) return x._value end
function lume.chain(value)
return setmetatable({ _value = value }, chain_mt)
end
setmetatable(lume, {
__call = function(_, ...)
return lume.chain(...)
end
})
return lume
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---
-- Recursively prints the contents of a table in a human-readable format.
--
-- This function traverses the provided table `tbl` and prints each key-value
-- pair to the standard output. For nested tables, it calls itself recursively,
-- increasing the indentation level to visually represent the table hierarchy.
--
-- @param tbl table: The table whose contents are to be printed.
-- @param indent number: (Optional) The current indentation level. Defaults to 0.
-- @return nil
export print_table = (tbl, indent) ->
-- Use the “?=” operator to give a default value.
unless indent
indent = 0
-- Omit the extra “do” after the loop header.
for k, v in pairs tbl
formatting = string.rep(" ", indent) .. k .. ": "
if type(v) == "table"
print formatting
print_table v, indent + 1
elseif type(v) == "boolean"
print formatting .. tostring(v)
else
print formatting .. v
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-- Reverse a list.
-- @param list (table) The array to reverse.
-- @return (table) A new array with the elements in reverse order.
export reverse = (list) ->
[list[i] for i = #list, 1, -1]
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require "lib.util.string"
require "lib.util.validators"
---
-- parse_transition
-- Parses a transition string into a table with:
-- • target: the target state name,
-- • type: "after" | "every" | "on",
-- • time: number (if timer-based),
-- • event: string (if event-based).
export parse_transition = (trans) ->
unless type(trans) == "string"
error "Transition must be a string"
words = split trans
unless #words == 3
error "Transition must consist of three words"
unless is_valid_symbol words[1]
error "Invalid state name"
switch words[2]
when "on"
unless is_valid_symbol words[3]
error "Invalid event name"
{target: words[1], type: words[2], event: words[3]}
when "after", "every"
num = tonumber words[3]
unless is_valid_timer num
error "Invalid time value in 'after/every' transition type"
{target: words[1], type: words[2], duration: num}
else
error "Unknown transition type"
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---
-- Splits the input string into an array of non-whitespace substrings.
--
-- This function uses Lua's pattern matching to iterate over the provided
-- string `s` and collects each contiguous sequence of non-whitespace
-- characters into a new table. If the input is not a string, the function
-- raises an error.
--
-- @param s string: The string to be split. Must be a valid string.
-- @return table: An array of substrings obtained by splitting `s` on whitespace.
-- @raise error if the input parameter `s` is not a string.
export split = (s) ->
unless type(s) == "string"
error "split() requires a string parameter"
chunks = {}
for substr in string.gmatch s, '%S+'
table.insert chunks, substr
chunks
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---
-- Determines if the provided timer value is valid.
--
-- A valid timer is defined as a number greater than zero.
--
-- @param x number: The timer value to validate.
-- @return boolean: Returns `true` if `x` is a positive number; otherwise, returns `false` or `nil`.
export is_valid_timer = (x) ->
type(x) == "number" and x > 0
---
-- Checks whether the given string is a valid symbol.
--
-- A valid symbol is defined as a non-empty string that contains only
-- alphabetic characters (A-Z and a-z). If the input is not a string,
-- the function returns `false`.
--
-- @param s string: The string to be validated as a symbol.
-- @return boolean: Returns `true` if `s` contains only letters; otherwise, returns `false`.
export is_valid_symbol = (s) ->
if type(s) == "string" and string.match s, "^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]*$"
true
else
false