feat: general ledger by account, trial balance as of, members' equity
Three reports a CPA expects that the engine could not produce: - general_ledger(start, end): the canonical general ledger, organized by account in code order. Each account has its beginning balance, every posting in the period (date, entry, description, debit, credit, running balance on the normal side) and its ending balance, which ties to the trial balance. Each posting names its split: the one account on the opposite side of its entry, or "-Split-" when that side has several, so a compound entry (one debit, several credits) reads correctly from every account it touches. The entry-ordered listing the exports called a "general ledger" is really the general journal. - trial_balance_as_of(as_of): a trial balance is always as of a date. - members_equity(start, end, members): the statement of changes in members' equity for a multi-member LLC taxed as a partnership. Each member's capital roll-forward: beginning (capital plus their share of undistributed earnings), contributions, allocated net income (loss), distributions, ending. Allocation is by ownership share to the cent, the last member absorbing rounding, so totals are exact and the ending total equals balance-sheet equity; any equity change the roll-forward can't explain shows as "other" instead of disappearing. Shares must be positive and sum to exactly 1; capital accounts must be distinct equity accounts (LedgerError::InvalidMembers). - CashFlowLine.account: the account a line is about, so renderers can name members instead of account codes. Tests (every expectation computed by hand): trial balance as of Jan 31; February general ledger with beginning balances, running balances, a card that nets to zero, an inactive account still listed, and every ending balance tied to the trial balance; a compound entry's splits from all three sides; a two-member partnership where 666.67 and 100.01 split unevenly (333.34/333.33, 50.01/50.00), with and without closing January, tying to the balance sheet each month; bad member configuration. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01MtYEaR6M6Ybdhm6X98BWNu
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@@ -18,10 +18,11 @@ use ledger_core::reports::{
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balance_sheet, balance_sheet_as_of, profit_and_loss, profit_and_loss_for_period,
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};
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use ledger_core::{
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AccountId, AccountType, CashFlowParams, ClassId, Currency, Ledger, Money, Side, StatementLine,
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cash_flow,
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AccountId, AccountType, CashFlowParams, ClassId, Currency, Ledger, LedgerError, MemberCapital,
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Money, Side, StatementLine, cash_flow, general_ledger, members_equity, trial_balance_as_of,
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};
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use rust_decimal::Decimal;
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use std::str::FromStr;
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fn d(m: u32, day: u32) -> NaiveDate {
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NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2026, m, day).unwrap()
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@@ -265,3 +266,270 @@ fn cash_flow_lines_are_in_code_order() {
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);
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}
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}
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fn cents(s: &str) -> Decimal {
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Decimal::from_str(s).unwrap()
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}
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#[test]
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fn trial_balance_is_as_of_the_date() {
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let b = books(false);
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// Jan 31: Dr cash 11,700 and rent 800; Cr capital 10,000 and revenue 2,500.
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let tb = trial_balance_as_of(&b.ledger, d(1, 31));
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let rows: Vec<(&str, Decimal, Decimal)> = tb
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.lines
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.iter()
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.map(|l| (l.code.as_str(), l.debit, l.credit))
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.collect();
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assert_eq!(
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rows,
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[
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("1000", dec(11_700), dec(0)),
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("3000", dec(0), dec(10_000)),
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("4000", dec(0), dec(2_500)),
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("6100", dec(800), dec(0)),
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]
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);
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assert_eq!(
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(tb.total_debits, tb.total_credits),
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(dec(12_500), dec(12_500))
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);
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}
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#[test]
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fn general_ledger_runs_balances_by_account() {
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let b = books(false);
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let gl = general_ledger(&b.ledger, d(2, 1), d(2, 28)).unwrap();
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let codes: Vec<&str> = gl.accounts.iter().map(|a| a.code.as_str()).collect();
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// Every account with a beginning balance or February activity, by code.
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assert_eq!(codes, ["1000", "2000", "3000", "4000", "6000", "6100"]);
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let cash = &gl.accounts[0];
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assert_eq!(cash.beginning_balance, dec(11_700));
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let p: Vec<(Decimal, Decimal, &str, Decimal)> = cash
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.postings
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.iter()
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.map(|p| (p.debit, p.credit, p.split.as_str(), p.balance))
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.collect();
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assert_eq!(
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p,
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[
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(dec(1_000), dec(0), "4000 Revenue", dec(12_700)),
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(dec(0), dec(120), "2000 Card", dec(12_580)),
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]
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);
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assert_eq!(cash.ending_balance, dec(12_580));
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// The card: borrowed 120, paid 120, back to zero (credit-normal).
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let card = &gl.accounts[1];
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assert_eq!(card.beginning_balance, dec(0));
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assert_eq!(card.postings[0].balance, dec(120));
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assert_eq!(card.ending_balance, dec(0));
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// Capital: no February activity, still listed with its balance.
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assert!(gl.accounts[2].postings.is_empty());
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assert_eq!(gl.accounts[2].ending_balance, dec(10_000));
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// Every ending balance ties to the trial balance as of the end.
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let tb = trial_balance_as_of(&b.ledger, d(2, 28));
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for a in &gl.accounts {
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let tb_line = tb.lines.iter().find(|l| l.code == a.code);
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let tb_amount = tb_line.map_or(Decimal::ZERO, |l| l.debit - l.credit);
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let normal = match a.account_type {
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AccountType::Asset | AccountType::Expense => a.ending_balance,
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_ => -a.ending_balance,
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};
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assert_eq!(tb_amount, normal, "account {}", a.code);
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}
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}
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#[test]
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fn general_ledger_marks_compound_entries_as_split() {
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let mut l = Ledger::new(Currency::USD);
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let cash = l
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.add_account("1000", "Cash", AccountType::Asset, None, false)
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.unwrap();
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let card = l
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.add_account("2000", "Card", AccountType::Liability, None, false)
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.unwrap();
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let soft = l
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.add_account("6000", "Software", AccountType::Expense, None, false)
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.unwrap();
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// Dr software 100 / Cr cash 60 / Cr card 40: one debit, split credits.
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let e = l.create_entry(d(3, 1), "Annual license, paid two ways");
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l.add_line(e, soft, Side::Debit, usd(100)).unwrap();
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l.add_line(e, cash, Side::Credit, usd(60)).unwrap();
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l.add_line(e, card, Side::Credit, usd(40)).unwrap();
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l.post_entry(e).unwrap();
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let gl = general_ledger(&l, d(1, 1), d(12, 31)).unwrap();
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let split_of = |code: &str| {
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let a = gl.accounts.iter().find(|a| a.code == code).unwrap();
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(a.postings[0].split.clone(), a.postings[0].entry_id)
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};
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// The debit side has two other accounts; each credit has one.
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assert_eq!(split_of("6000"), ("-Split-".to_string(), e));
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assert_eq!(split_of("1000"), ("6000 Software".to_string(), e));
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assert_eq!(split_of("2000"), ("6000 Software".to_string(), e));
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}
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/// Two members, 50/50: Alice and Bob. January: Alice puts in 600, Bob 400;
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/// revenue 1,000; expense 333.33, so net income 666.67, which doesn't split
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/// evenly. February: Bob takes a 100 distribution; revenue 100.01.
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fn partnership(close_january: bool) -> (Ledger, Vec<MemberCapital>) {
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let mut l = Ledger::new(Currency::USD);
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let cash = l
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.add_account("1000", "Cash", AccountType::Asset, None, false)
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.unwrap();
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let alice = l
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.add_account("3000", "Capital — Alice", AccountType::Equity, None, false)
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.unwrap();
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let bob = l
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.add_account("3001", "Capital — Bob", AccountType::Equity, None, false)
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.unwrap();
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let rev = l
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.add_account("4000", "Revenue", AccountType::Revenue, None, false)
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.unwrap();
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let exp = l
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.add_account("6000", "Expense", AccountType::Expense, None, false)
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.unwrap();
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let money = |s: &str| Money::new(cents(s), Currency::USD);
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let post = |l: &mut Ledger, date, dr, cr, amt: &str| {
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let e = l.create_entry(date, "x");
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l.add_line(e, dr, Side::Debit, money(amt)).unwrap();
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l.add_line(e, cr, Side::Credit, money(amt)).unwrap();
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l.post_entry(e).unwrap();
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};
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post(&mut l, d(1, 2), cash, alice, "600");
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post(&mut l, d(1, 2), cash, bob, "400");
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post(&mut l, d(1, 10), cash, rev, "1000");
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post(&mut l, d(1, 20), exp, cash, "333.33");
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if close_january {
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let jan = l.create_period("2026-01", d(1, 1), d(1, 31)).unwrap();
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l.close_period(jan).unwrap();
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}
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post(&mut l, d(2, 5), bob, cash, "100");
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post(&mut l, d(2, 9), cash, rev, "100.01");
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let half = cents("0.5");
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let members = vec![
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MemberCapital {
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name: "Alice".into(),
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capital_account: alice,
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share: half,
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},
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MemberCapital {
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name: "Bob".into(),
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capital_account: bob,
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share: half,
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},
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];
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(l, members)
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}
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#[test]
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fn members_equity_rolls_capital_forward_and_ties_to_the_balance_sheet() {
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for close in [false, true] {
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let (l, members) = partnership(close);
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// January: 666.67 splits 333.34 / 333.33 (half a cent rounds up for
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// Alice; Bob gets the remainder so the total is exact).
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let jan = members_equity(&l, d(1, 1), d(1, 31), &members).unwrap();
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let row = |c: &ledger_core::MemberEquityColumn| {
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(
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c.beginning,
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c.contributions,
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c.net_income,
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c.distributions,
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c.ending,
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)
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};
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assert_eq!(
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row(&jan.members[0]),
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(
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cents("0"),
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cents("600"),
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cents("333.34"),
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cents("0"),
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cents("933.34")
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)
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);
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assert_eq!(
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row(&jan.members[1]),
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(
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cents("0"),
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cents("400"),
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cents("333.33"),
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cents("0"),
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cents("733.33")
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)
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);
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assert_eq!(jan.total.ending, cents("1666.67"));
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assert_eq!(
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jan.total.ending,
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balance_sheet_as_of(&l, d(1, 31)).unwrap().total_equity
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);
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// February begins where January ended, whether or not January was
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// closed to retained earnings. 100.01 splits 50.01 / 50.00.
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let feb = members_equity(&l, d(2, 1), d(2, 28), &members).unwrap();
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assert_eq!(
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row(&feb.members[0]),
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(
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cents("933.34"),
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cents("0"),
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cents("50.01"),
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cents("0"),
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cents("983.35")
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)
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);
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assert_eq!(
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row(&feb.members[1]),
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(
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cents("733.33"),
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cents("0"),
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cents("50.00"),
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cents("100"),
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cents("683.33")
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)
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);
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assert_eq!(feb.total.ending, cents("1666.68"));
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assert_eq!(
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feb.total.ending,
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balance_sheet_as_of(&l, d(2, 28)).unwrap().total_equity
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);
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assert!(
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feb.members.iter().all(|m| m.other.is_zero()),
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"close={close}"
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);
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}
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}
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#[test]
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fn members_must_be_configured_correctly() {
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let (l, mut members) = partnership(false);
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members[1].share = cents("0.4");
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assert!(matches!(
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members_equity(&l, d(1, 1), d(1, 31), &members),
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Err(LedgerError::InvalidMembers(_))
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));
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members[1].share = cents("0.5");
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members[1].capital_account = members[0].capital_account;
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assert!(matches!(
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members_equity(&l, d(1, 1), d(1, 31), &members),
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Err(LedgerError::InvalidMembers(_))
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));
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}
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#[test]
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fn cash_flow_lines_name_their_account() {
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let (l, _) = partnership(false);
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let cf = cash_flow(
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&l,
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&CashFlowParams {
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start: d(1, 1),
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end: d(12, 31),
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cash_accounts: vec![1],
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financing_accounts: vec![],
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},
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)
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.unwrap();
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let accounts: Vec<Option<&str>> = cf.financing.iter().map(|f| f.account.as_deref()).collect();
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assert_eq!(accounts, [Some("3000"), Some("3001")]);
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}
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