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meshcore-spec/spec/16-packet-hash.md
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swaitsandClaude Opus 4.6 9db901088e Add comprehensive spec audit results and pyMC_core issue reports
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- PYMC_CORE_ISSUES.md: 7 evidence-based bug reports for pyMC_core
  (wrong constants, broken path_len decoding, wrong TRACE hash,
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Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

Add comprehensive spec audit results and pyMC_core issue reports

- CHANGELOG.md: Full audit findings organized by severity
- PYMC_CORE_ISSUES.md: 7 evidence-based bug reports for pyMC_core
  (wrong constants, broken path_len decoding, wrong TRACE hash,
  wrong SNR calculation)
- Remove ERRATA.md: contents already covered by audit findings

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-04-01 21:37:57 -06:00

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# MeshCore Protocol Specification
## Section 16: Packet Hash
### Overview
MeshCore uses SHA-256 hashing for packet deduplication. Each node maintains a
table of recently seen packet hashes and discards packets it has already
processed. The hash is computed over the payload type and payload contents, with
a special case for TRACE packets.
### Hash Computation
The packet hash is computed as:
```
hash = SHA-256(payload_type_byte || payload_data)[0..MAX_HASH_SIZE-1]
```
Where:
- `payload_type_byte` is a single byte: `(header >> 2) & 0x0F`
- `payload_data` is the raw payload bytes (payload_len bytes)
- The SHA-256 output is truncated to MAX_HASH_SIZE (8) bytes
### TRACE Packet Special Case
For TRACE packets (payload_type = 0x09), the path_len byte is included in the
hash to distinguish trace packets that revisit the same node on their return
path:
```
hash = SHA-256(payload_type_byte || path_len_byte || payload_data)[0..MAX_HASH_SIZE-1]
```
### Algorithm
```
function calculatePacketHash(packet):
sha = SHA256_init()
type_byte = getPayloadType(packet.header) // single byte
SHA256_update(sha, type_byte)
if type_byte == 0x09: // TRACE
SHA256_update(sha, packet.path_len) // 1 byte (as uint8)
SHA256_update(sha, packet.payload, packet.payload_len)
hash = SHA256_finalize(sha)
return hash[0..7] // first MAX_HASH_SIZE bytes
```
### Properties
- The hash does NOT include the header byte, path, or transport codes. This
means the same logical message received via different routes produces the
same hash.
- The hash does NOT include the route type or version. Only the payload type
and payload content determine the hash.
- For TRACE packets, including path_len ensures that the same trace payload
at different stages of traversal produces different hashes.
### Cross-References
- [Section 10: Trace](10-payload-trace.md) — TRACE packet special handling
- Test vectors: `corpus/crypto/sha256/packet-hash.json`
### Reference Implementation
- `Packet::calculatePacketHash()` in `src/Packet.cpp`
- `MeshTables::hasSeen()` — Deduplication table lookup